是什么
可观测性／管理界面：SNMP、Syslog、Prometheus、Grafana。
为何有风险
暴露的 SNMP community 与仪表盘会泄露你的基础设施拓扑与凭据，还会被用于放大型 DDoS。
应对措施
使用 SNMPv3・认证，并把监控端口与界面置于内网的认证之后。
您的服务器是否在监听？
Linux
ss -ltnp 'sport = :9090'Cockpit / Prometheus 的已知漏洞
| CVE | 标题 | CVSS | 被利用 | EPSS | 发布日期 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CVE-2023-4195 | PHP Remote File Inclusion in cockpit-hq/cockpit | 9.9 | — | 2023-08-07 | |
| CVE-2026-38992 | Cockpit v2.13.5 and earlier is vulnerable to arbitrary code execution via the filter parameter within multiple... | 9.8 | — | 2026-04-29 | |
| CVE-2022-2818 | Improper Removal of Sensitive Information Before Storage or Transfer in cockpit-hq/cockpit | 9.8 | — | 2022-08-15 | |
| CVE-2026-72557 | Cockpit CMS Cockpit CMS - Unrestricted File Upload | 8.8 | — | 2026-08-11 | |
| CVE-2026-38991 | Cockpit 2.13.5 and earlier is affected by a misconfiguration within the Bucket component _isFileTypeAllowed fu... | 8.8 | — | 2026-04-29 | |
| CVE-2026-57855 | Cockpit CMS Missing Authorization in Bucket File Storage API | 8.7 | — | 2026-07-14 | |
| CVE-2026-57856 | Cockpit CMS Path Traversal via Bucket Name in Bucket File Storage API | 8.7 | — | 2026-07-14 | |
| CVE-2026-73680 | Cockpit CMS 2.14.0 Authenticated Command Injection via FFmpeg Filename | 8.7 | — | 2026-08-15 | |
| CVE-2025-1025 | Versions of the package cockpit-hq/cockpit before 2.4.1 are vulnerable to Arbitrary File Upload where an attac... | 8.7 | — | 2025-02-05 | |
| CVE-2022-2713 | Insufficient Session Expiration in cockpit-hq/cockpit | 8.6 | — | 2022-08-08 | |
| CVE-2023-4432 | Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Reflected in cockpit-hq/cockpit | 8.3 | — | 2023-08-19 | |
| CVE-2023-4321 | Cross-site Scripting (XSS) - Stored in cockpit-hq/cockpit | 8.3 | — | 2023-08-14 |