Original description
Apache Struts 2.3.19 to 2.3.20.2, 2.3.21 to 2.3.24.1, and 2.3.25 to 2.3.28, when Dynamic Method Invocation is enabled, allow remote attackers to execute arbitrary code via method: prefix, related to chained expressions.
Known exploited (CISA KEV)
- Added to KEV
- 2026-10-08
- Remediation due (US federal)
- 2026-10-11
- Ransomware use
- Unknown
- Required action
- Apply mitigations in accordance with vendor instructions, ensuring compliance with CISA’s BOD 26-04 Prioritizing Security Updates Based on Risk (see URL in Notes) guidance and CISA’s “Forensics Triage Requirements” (see URL in Notes). Follow applicable BOD 26-04 guidance for cloud services or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable. Stakeholders are responsible for evaluating each asset's internet exposure and ensuring adherence to BOD 26-04 patching guidelines.
Details
- Published
- 2016-04-26
- Last modified
- 2026-10-09
- CVSS vector
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H- EPSS (30-day exploit probability)
- 96.92% (percentile 100)
References
- cve.org/CVE-2016-3081
- nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2016-3081
- www.securitytracker.com/id/1035665
- struts.apache.org/docs/s2-032.html
- www.huawei.com/en/psirt/security-advisories/huawei-sa-20160527-01-struts2-en
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpujul2016-2881720.html
- www.oracle.com/technetwork/security-advisory/cpuoct2016-2881722.html
- www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/linux/http/struts_dmi_exec
- www.exploit-db.com/exploits/39756/
- www.securityfocus.com/bid/91787
- packetstormsecurity.com/files/136856/Apache-Struts-2.3.28-Dynamic-Method-Invocation-Remote...
- www.securityfocus.com/bid/87327
- www.rapid7.com/db/modules/exploit/multi/http/struts_dmi_exec
Track these versions on your own servers
InfraGuard collects installed software versions from every server and flags the ones with known vulnerabilities. Self-hosted — nothing leaves your network.
This product uses data from the NVD API but is not endorsed or certified by the NVD. CVE® is a registered trademark of The MITRE Corporation; CVE records are used under the CVE Program Terms of Use.